Forex

Introduction to

Foreign Exchange Trading

The world’s biggest market at your desk

මෙකෙන් මුදල් උපයන්නේ කොහෝමද ?


Forex කියන්නේ ලෝකද මුල්‍ය වෙළද පොළ ගනුදෙනු කියලා මම උඩින් කිවිවනේ. ඉතින් අපි මුදල් උපයන්න මෙකේ කරන්නේ බොහෝම සරල දෙයක්. හරියට අපි කොටස් වෙළද පොළ ගනුදෙනු කරනවා වගේ තමයි. කිදෙනක් නමි දැනටත් කොටස් වෙළද පොළ කරනවද ? නමුත් එකෙන් ලාභ ගන්න හරිම අමාරැයි. නමුත් Forex මීට වඩා පහසුම මුදල් ඉපයිමේ ක්‍රමයක්. හරිම සරල මුලු ලොකේම පිලිගත්ත දෙයක් නිසා හරියට ඉගෙන ගන්න කෙනෙකුට මෙම ක්‍රමය තමන්ගේ ප්‍රධාන ආදායමි මාර්ගය උනත් කර ගන්න පුලුවන්. හැබැයි හොදින් අධ්‍යනය කිරීම වැදගත් බව මතක තබා ගන්න. ඉතින් ඔය හරියට කරන ඔනිම කෙනෙකුට නොසිතු ආදායමක් මෙකෙන් උපයා ගන්න පුලුවන්. ඒ ගාණ මෙචිචරයි කියලා කියන්න බැ. යොදවන මුදල අනුව තමයි ඒක තීරණය වෙන්නේ. සාමාන්‍ය වශයෙන් යොදවන මුදල $ 100 ක් නමි දිනකට $ 1 - $ 5 ත් අතර ආදායමකට පහසුවෙන් යන්න පුලුවන්. ඔය විශ්වාසයන් නැති අය මම එක් ගිණුමකින් උපයමු මුදල් ප්‍රමාණයන් ගැන බලා ගන්න මෙතනින් යන්න . එ වගේම දැනට lakforex.com වෙබි අඩවිය මේ පැමිණි මාස 10 ක 11 ක කාල සිමාව තුල සාර්ථකව මුදල් උපයන 5000+ කට අධික සාමාජික සංඛ්‍යාවකින් ද සමන්විතයි.


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Admiral Markets
Introduction to Foreign Exchange Trading
The world’s biggest market at your desk

Contents

• Foreign Exchange (Forex) Basics
• Why trade foreign currency?
• How foreign exchange prices work
• How trading works
• Your trading plan 
• Before you start 
• Further information

Chapter 1

Foreign Exchange (Forex) Basics

What is Forex?

Forex or FX is the common abbreviation for Foreign

Exchange. If you've ever travelled to another

country, you probably had to find a currency

exchange booth at the airport, and then exchange

the money you have in your wallet or purse into

the currency of the country you are visiting. When

you do this, you have essentially participated in the

Forex market – you have exchanged one currency

for another. Or in Forex trading terms, assuming

you are an a European visiting America, you've sold

EUROS and bought United States dollars.

Before you fly back home, you stop by the currency

exchange booth to exchange the United States

Dollars that you have left over and notice the

exchange rates have changed. It's these changes in

the exchange rates that allow you to make money

in the foreign exchange market.

Foreign exchange is the World’s largest and

most active market. It’s where banks and dealers

exchange large amounts of foreign currency,

mostly to facilitate trade and investment between

countries. It’s open all day and night - except at the

weekends – and its volume amounts to about $5

trillion a day.

Compared to the measly $4-5 billion a day volume

of the Australian Stock Exchange or even the

relatively small $22 billion a day volume of the New

York Stock Exchange, the foreign exchange market

is absolutely huge. That massive $5 trillion number

covers the entire global foreign exchange market,

but retail traders (like Admiral Markets clients) trade

the spot market and that's about 30% or $1.5 trillion

per day.

Who Trades Forex?

The market is basically comprised of four different

groups. At the very top of the Forex market ladder

is the interbank market. Composed of the largest

banks of the World, and some smaller banks, the

participants of this market trade directly with each

other or electronically through the Electronic

Brokering Services (EBS) or the Thomson Reuters

Spot Matching system. The competition between

the two companies - the EBS and the Thomson

Reuters Spot Matching system - is fierce.

All the banks that are part of the interbank market

can see the rates that each other is offering, but this

doesn't mean that just anyone can trade Forex at

those prices. The rates will be largely dependent

on the established credit relationship between

the trading parties. A few of the largest banks that

make up the interbank market include UBS, Barclays

Capital, Deutsche Bank, and Citigroup. Some

governments and their central banks, such as the

European Central Bank, the Bank of England, and

the Federal Reserve, are regularly involved in the

interbank market too.

Next on the Forex ladder are the smaller

governments, hedge funds, large corporations,

retail market makers, and retail ECNs. Since these

institutions do not always have close credit

relationships with the participants of the interbank

market, they have to do their transactions through

commercial banks. This means that their rates are

slightly higher and more expensive than those who

are participants in the interbank market.

Companies take part in the foreign exchange market for the purpose of doing business. For instance, Apple

must first exchange its U.S. dollars for the Japanese yen when purchasing electronic parts from Japan for

their products. Since the volume they trade is much smaller than those in the interbank market, this type

of market player typically deals with commercial banks for their transactions. Just like companies, smaller

national governments participate in the Forex market for their operations, international trade payments, and

handling their foreign exchange reserves.

At the bottom of the Forex ladder are the retail traders. It used to be very hard for retail traders to engage in

the Forex market but, thanks to the advent of the Internet, electronic trading platforms, and retail brokers like

Admiral Markets, the difficult barriers to entry in Forex trading have been removed.

When Can You Trade Forex?

The Forex market hours stretch from Monday morning in Sydney, Australia to Friday afternoon in New

York. During that time the market is open somewhere around the globe at all hours of the day or night.

However it is not a 24/7 market because it does shut down on weekends. 24/5 would be more accurate. The

Forex market can be broken up into four major trading sessions: the Sydney session, the Tokyo session, the

London session, and, the New York session.

Usually, the best time to trade the Forex market is when large volumes of currencies are being traded. At

those hours, traders can take full advantage of the liquidity in Forex markets. Since the Forex market trades

24 hours a day, the greatest liquidity is when several countries are trading at the same time. In each time zone

across the world, Forex markets operate in different time zones. So, to take advantage of heavy trading volume,

it’s worthwhile to determine when Forex market hours in different countries overlap. When currencies are

the most active, that’s when traders have a better chance of making a profit. Slow markets offer little chance

of profit and therefore Forex traders usually stay away.

Chapter 2
Why trade foreign currency?

Liquidity
Because the foreign exchange market is global
and includes all of the World’s largest banks, you
can be sure that there’s always someone to trade
with – unlike the share market where you might
want to buy a particular share, but no one wants
to sell (or vice versa). This ability to trade at any
time is called liquidity. High liquidity means there
is always someone to trade with, and there is little
risk of a single trader or entity being able to move
the price, as can happen in other markets, like the
stock market.
Easy to understand
The learning curve in the share market is steep and
the amount of analysis required can be daunting.
You need to understand dividends, price-earnings
ratios, and how to assess the quality of corporate
management before deciding which shares are
likely to move in which direction. By comparison,
foreign exchange is relatively straightforward.
You take a currency you’re familiar with (say,
EUROS) and look at its value against another
currency. There are only a few major
currencies that lend themselves to Forex trading.
You need to learn what influences movements
in a currency pair and, just as importantly, how
to use technical analysis to improve your chances
of success.
Trade at home, from
a café, or on holiday
One of the things that makes foreign exchange
trading so popular is that markets are open
24 hours a day. This means you can trade after
work, early in the morning, during lunch or even
overnight – whenever it suits you. Further, you
can trade directly from your desk, or even while
sitting in your favouring café with your laptop and
a wireless internet connection. Some traders take
it a step further by trading on their mobile phones.
Foreign exchange providers give you more or
less direct access to the markets. This means you
can do your analysis, make your trading decisions,
set a stop-loss order to help protect yourself
against big losses, and execute the trade without
ever needing more than your computer and a
broadband connection.

Low transaction costs
In the forex market, trading directly or through
derivatives, the cost of trading currencies is
determined by “the spread”, which is the difference
between the price at which traders can buy a
particular currency pair and the price at which
they can sell. This spread can vary from time to
time, depending on the market conditions, and
is different depending on the currency pair and
which provider you use.
For most trading purposes, the cost of each trade
is not vitally important to its success. An exception
applies to some intraday strategies the aim to
capture small profits. On a trade size of $10,000,
for which you need an initial margin of $100, the
spread will usually average around three pips or
approximately $3. The spread can vary from as low
as 0.5 pips for high volume major currencies to
five or more pips for minor currencies. If you hold
a position for longer than 24 hours, there may be
a small interest charge depending on the interest
rate differentials between the two currencies. At
other times, you may be paid a small amount of
interest on your position. The interest amount is
credited or debited as your position is rolled over
to the next day, and is made so that you can keep
the position open without actually taking delivery
of the currency.
Leverage
The foreign exchange market offers the availability
to profit from a large position in the market for a
small upfront cost, known as the initial margin.
This is called leverage. The maximum leverage in
the share market is usually 20:1, which means your
contract is for 20 times the initial margin (deposit)
you paid. In the foreign exchange market leverage
is a ratio of at least 50:1 but is usually 100:1. In order
to buy $10,000 worth to US dollars, for example,
you only have to pay $100 to enter the trade,
because you effectively borrow the remainder,
or $9,900.
To show you the kind of returns this level of
leverage can offer, suppose you buy EUROS
and the EUROS value rises from
$US 1.00 to $US 1.02. A currency can move by this
amount, or more, in a matter of a few hours when
markets are moving swiftly. It represents a change
of 2.2 percent, but since you have leverage of 100:1,
your profit on the upward move will be 100 times
2.2, or 220 percent based on the initial amount
you pay.
With this amount of leverage, even very small
moves in the value of a currency can result in quite
large gains and losses. You will need to learn the
basic rules of risk management to trade safety in
the market and how to place stop-loss as well as
stop-limit orders (that is, orders to close a position
when the price reaches a set level). You will need to
take some time to lean about trading plans, risk to
reward ratios, money management, position sizing,
fundamental analysis and technical analysis before
you begin.